Short answerWhen a pipe bursts, shut off the main water valve immediately, keep away from water near electrical outlets or the panel, open a low faucet to drain the lines, move belongings out of the water, photograph the damage, and arrange a repair.
The first 10 minutes
- Close the main shutoff. It is usually where the water line enters the house, or at the meter.
- If water is near electrical outlets, cords or the panel, stay out of it. Turn off circuits at the panel only if you can reach it without standing in water.
- Open a cold faucet on the lowest floor and an outdoor spigot to drain remaining water.
- If the water heater is affected or the shutoff will last long, turn off its power or gas.
- Move valuables and electronics away; put buckets under drips.
The first hour
- Photograph and video the damage before cleanup for insurance.
- Remove standing water with towels, mops or a wet vacuum.
- If a ceiling bulges, stay out from under it.
- Call your insurer to report the claim.
- Arrange plumbing repair, and water damage drying if materials are soaked.
Why pipes burst
Freezing is the most common cause: ice blocks the pipe and pressure builds between the blockage and a closed faucet until the pipe splits. Corrosion, high pressure and physical damage are other causes.
Preventing the next one
- Insulate pipes in unheated areas
- Disconnect hoses before freezes
- Keep heat on when away
- Consider an automatic leak shutoff valve
- Label the main shutoff
Frequently asked questions
How long can I wait to fix a burst pipe?
With the water off, the urgency drops, but you will be without water until it is repaired. Wet building materials should be dried within a day or two to reduce mold risk.
Can I temporarily patch a burst pipe?
Repair clamps or rubber and hose clamps can slow a small leak temporarily. They are not permanent repairs.
